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Artificial insemination is an infertility treatment that first came in to common use in the middle of the 1970's. Since that time, the technology and methods of artificial insemination have improved greatly, and it is still a very popular method for combating infertility. The first methods of artificial insemination used were intracervical insemination, or ICI. In an intracervical insemination, the sperm is placed into a woman's cervix in an attempt to achieve fertilization. Artificial insemination methods have advanced however, and doctors can now use intrauterine insemination, which places the sperm in the woman's uterus. This method is often viewed as being more effective in fertilization than intracervical insemination, because the sperm is placed closer to the eggs, which increases the chance of fertilization. The sperm that is used in an artificial insemination procedure can come from the intended father, or a sperm donor. Sperm that is used in an artificial insemination is